You can use access to check to see whether a file is available for the action specified with in the mode argument. The modes arguments are: r (read) w (write) x (execute) This is used mainly when you are scripting. Access works better than test because it uses a direct system call, rather than looking at the file permission. Looking at file permissions can be misleading when a files system is mounted 'read-only'.

Here is the syntax for access:

access [mode] [filename]

Here are the options you can use with access:

GNU autoconf tool. Place m4 macro definitions needed by autoconf into a single file. The aclocal command first scans for macro definitions in m4 files in its default directory (/usr/share/aclocal on some systems) and in the file acinclude.m4. It next scans for macros used in the configure.in file. It generates an aclocal.m4 file that contains definitions of all m4 macros required by autoconf.

Here is the syntax for aclocal:

aclocal [options]

Here are the options for aclocal:

Like its GUI relative alsa-patch-bay, aconnect connects ports in MIDI hardware and software to route events, similar to running patch cables between different mixers and synthesizers in an all-hardware audio system. aconnect is part of the ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) system.

Here is the syntax for aconnect:

aconnect [options] [sender] [receiver] aconnect [options]

Here are the options for aconnect:

acpi displays information about the ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) system, based on the /proc/acpi file. Most kernels after 2.4 support ACPI hardware, and in both hardware and software, ACPI is gradually replacing the older APM (Advanced Power Management) system. Some operating systems, including SUSE, ship a combined ACPI/APM power interface called powersaved. Most, however, require either ACPI or APM software.

Note that some ACPI systems have special events that are not available on others. For example, IBM laptops have events related to their docking stations and keyboard lights that are not used on nondocking or unlighted laptops. On all systems, the /proc/acpi directory must be present for acpi commands to work.

Here is the syntax for acpi:

acpi [options]

Here are the options to use with acpi:

You can determine whether ACPI functionality exists on your Linux server by using acpi_available. It returns a 0 for true and a 1 for false.

Here is the syntax for acpi_available:

acpi_available

There are no options available for this command.

The linux command acpidv is a daemon that informs user-space programs about ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) events, such as battery warnings, power-supply changes, and laptop lid closings.

Here is the syntax:

acpid [options]

Here are the options:

-c directory, --confdir=directory

The addr2line command allows you to translate hexadecimal program addresses into filenames and line numbers for the executable given with the -e option, or a.out if -e is not specified. If addresses are given on the command line, display the filename and line number for each address. Otherwise, read the addresses from standard input and display the results on standard output (useful for use in a pipe). addr2line prints two question marks (??) if it cannot determine a filename, and 0 if it cannot determine the line number. addr2line is used for debugging.

Here is the syntax:

addr2line [options] [addresses]

Here are the options:

-b bfdname, --target=bfdname

The addresses command allows you to connect to the PalmOS device on the specified port, and dump the addresses from the address book to stdout. This is part of the pilot-link package of tools for managing PalmOS devices.

Here is the syntax:

addresses [-p port]

Listen... I know that we all use server control panels from time to time for their convenience. It cuts down admin time, etc. However, DO NOT use Plesk, Plesk 7.5.2, Plesk 8.x, or Plesk 8.2. Here's why.

The company's entire support operation is fielded out of Russia. They don't give a damn about you, how much you've spent, and what the downtime is they have caused. There are MAJOR incompatibility issues between Plesk 7.5 and Plesk 8.x, specifically with restoring from backups.

It seems as if these geniuses have made it virtually impossible to restore a Plesk 8.x server with a Plesk 7.5 backup. They made a command called backup-convert. It doesn't convert a distributed backup

Forget trying to pickup the phone. They want you to first pay for support, then open a ticket, and then wait 12 - 24 hours to speak to the same idiot Russians.

Someone seriously needs to throw down the gauntlet and say enough is enough. Everyone complains about how bad Microsoft is. Yeah? Well Paralells Support for Plesk 7.5 and Plesk 8.x SUCKs. Save yourself a headache and STAY AWAY from them. If you don't and find yourself in a mission critical situation? Forget about support. They don't give a damn.